Used Dump Truck

What is dump truck

Dump Truck, also named dumper, tipper truck, refers to a vehicle that unloads goods by hydraulic or mechanical lifting.

The dump truck is mainly composed of a hydraulic dumping mechanism, carriage boxes, frames, and accessories.

The engine, chassis, and the structure of the cab for the dump truck are the same as the general trucks.

The high-pressure oil enters the lifting hydraulic cylinder through the distribution valve and the oil pipe. and there is a cab safety guard plate at the front of the carriage.

With the development of dump trucks and the improvement of domestic purchasing capacity, dump trucks are no longer universal dump trucks that can do anything in the traditional sense. From a design point of view, they are also developed according to different appearance, drive forms, applications, etc.

By Appearance

• Single-axle dump truck
• Double-axle dump truck
• Tri-axle dump truck
• Flat-head dump truck
• Pointed tip dump truck
• Double-axle semi-trailer dump truck
• Three-axle semi-trailer dump truck.

By Drive Forms

• 4X2 Dump Truck
• 6X4 Dump Truck
• 8X4 Dump Truck
• Semi-trailer dump trucks.

By Applications:

• Agricultural dump truck
• Mining dump truck
• Garbage dump truck
• Coal transportation dump truck
• Construction dump truck
• Sludge dump truck

By Link Form

• Direct push tilt mechanism;
• Connecting rod tilting mechanism

By Lifting Type:

• F-type tripod enlarged lifting mechanism
• T-type tripod enlarged lifting mechanism
• Double-cylinder lifting
• Front top lifting
• Double-sided rollover

According to different uses, the structure of the carriage can be roughly divided into： ordinary rectangular carriage box and mine bucket carriage (as shown below).

 

The ordinary rectangular carriage box is used for bulk cargo transportation. The rear panel is equipped with an automatic opening and closing mechanism to ensure the smooth discharge of goods. The thickness of the common rectangular carriage box is: front panel 4~6mm, side panel 4~8mm, rear panel 5~8mm, bottom panel 6~12mm. For example, the standard configuration of the ordinary rectangular carriage of Chengli brand dump trucks is: front 4mm, sides 4mm, bottom 8mm, rear 5mm.

 

Ordinary rectangular carriage box                   Mine bucket carriage box

Mine bucket carriage boxes is suitable for the transportation of large-grained goods such as large stones. Considering the impact and collision of the cargo to the carriage box, the design shape of the mining bucket carriage box is more complicated and the material is thicker.  For example Jiangnan Dongfeng dump truck mining bucket carriage box standard configuration thickness is: front 6mm, side 6mm, bottom 10mm, and some models weld some angle steel on the bottom plate to increase the rigidity and impact resistance of the carriage box.

Lifting mechanism type

The lifting mechanism is the core of the dump truck and the primary indicator to judge the quality of the dump truck

The types of lifting mechanisms are currently common in China: F-type tripod enlarged lifting mechanism, T-type tripod enlarged lifting mechanism, double-cylinder lifting, front top lifting and double-sided rollover, as shown in the following figure.

 

The tripod enlarged lifting mechanism is currently the most widely used lifting method in China. It is suitable for a load capacity of 8 to 40 tons and a carriage box length of 4.4m to 6 meters. The advantages are mature structure, stable lifting and low cost; the disadvantage is that the closing height between the floor of the carriage box and the upper plane of the main frame is relatively large.

F-type tripod enlarged lifting mechanism / T-type tripod enlarged lifting mechanism

The two-cylinder lifting method is mostly used on 6X4 dump trucks. A multi-stage cylinder (generally 3 to 4 stages) is installed on each side of the front of the second bridge. The fulcrum of the hydraulic cylinder directly acts on the floor of the carriage box The advantage of the double-cylinder lift is that the closing height between the floor of the car and the plane of the main frame is small; the disadvantage is that the hydraulic system is difficult to ensure the synchronization of the two hydraulic cylinders, the lifting stability is poor, and the overall rigidity of the carriage box floor is required higher..

The front lifting method has a simple structure, the closing height between the floor of the carriage box and the plane of the main frame can be small, the stability of the whole vehicle is good, and the pressure of the hydraulic system is small, but the front jack multistage cylinder has a large stroke and high cost.

Double-cylinder lift                                        Front lift

The double-sided rollover hydraulic cylinder has the better force and smaller stroke, which can achieve double-sided rollover; however, the hydraulic pipeline is more complicated and the occurrence rate of rollover accidents is higher.

Double-sided rollover box

 

Type selection of dump truck

With the development of dump trucks and the improvement of domestic purchasing capacity, dump trucks are no longer universal dump trucks that can do anything in the traditional sense. From a design point of view, they are also developed according to different cargoes, different working conditions, and different regions.

This requires users to provide manufacturers with specific usage information when purchasing vehicles.

Dump trucks have a long history, and they also play a very important role in urban infrastructure, engineering and mining. And because of the powerful functions of dump trucks, the diversification of dump trucks (both can load sand and gravel bulk cargoes, and can also load bags of cargoes) is also loved by many road transport retail customers.

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Traditional dump trucks were originally for the convenience of mining and transportation and unloading. At that time, the dump trucks were just for loading these bulk cargoes, and the structure was relatively simple. Today, they are generally specialized in short-distance transportation such as urban muck and mine ore. U-shaped box trucks are more used, while semi-long-distance highway dump trucks use more traditional square box dump trucks.

Next, we will specifically divide the dump truck into two parts (U-shaped dump truck and ordinary square dump truck) to see which working conditions are most suitable for them, and where is the difference.

 

Engineering carriage box

U-shaped carriage box

Urban muck trucks are an indispensable and important means of transportation for urban engineering construction. Because muck trucks are driven on urban roads all year round, the use of ordinary cars will often cause dripping and spilling along the way, and then U-shaped dump trucks have been developed.

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Because the  U-shaped car is smooth and there are no exposed ribs, it will not be easy to accumulate soil and hang mud during the loading process. The volume of the carriage box is also smaller than that of the ordinary square carriage box, which further strengthens the control of the weight of the truck.

The U-shaped curved surface at the bottom of the carriage box can prevent the hard collision between the stone and the floor of the carriage box. The U-shaped carriage box has a fewer dead angle, which can prevent the sand from getting stuck in the corners and can be unloaded cleanly when unloading.

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Ordinary rectangular (Square) carriage

 

The boxy shape, the outside of the carriage box is covered with ribs, because the floor is almost flat, the loading volume is larger than  the U-shaped carriage box. Because the balustrade and the bottom plate are not integrated,when the side pillars are not reinforced, when loading some heavy goods, it is more likely that the railing of the car will expand outward.

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However, its functionality is more powerful than that of U-shaped carriage box, because ordinary rectangular (square) cars can carry not only sand and gravel, mining, but also some goods that can be loaded by ordinary rail carriage box, and have a wider range of use.

Therefore, it is favored by some dump truck owners for road transportation.

The short carriage box trucks of infrastructure and mining are also different from those of semi-long-distance highways carriage box trucks. Let’s talk about them later.

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Comparison between U-shaped carriage box and ordinary rectangular (square) carriage box

Mainly used in transportation environment for infrastructure construction, mining, and urban muck dumping

I simply made a few comparison picture to see where are the difference.

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The lower body of the U-shaped carriage box shows an inverted trapezoidal shape. In order to better dump engineering sand and gravel cargo, such a design is not easy to cause adhesion during unloading and the unloading is cleaner. The tail plate of the U-shaped box is made flat shape, which is also to prevent the mixed dirt and causing it to be difficult to clean.

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In contrast, the design of the U-shaped carriage box will be more avant-garde and more beautiful than the ordinary rectangular (square) carriage box, but because of the shape of the carriage box, it has fewer functions.

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The bottom of the two cars carriage box is completely different in structure. The ordinary rectangular (square) car carriage box is flat and square, while the bottom of the U-shaped car carriage box is a U-shaped car.

From the internal structure, the U-shaped car carriage box has no dead corners, and it is not easy to leave cargo at the corners. Although the ordinary rectangular (square) car is square, it does not lose too much loading capacity, due to it also adds a certain area of sloping plate. To a certain extent, it solves the problem of unloading and easy sticking of boxes.

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Although in specialized engineering transportation, the utility of U-shaped cars carriage box is better than that of ordinary square cars, the functionality of ordinary square cars is better than that of U-shaped cars.

Highway dump truck (lightweight-based road transport mode)

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Road-type dump trucks generally require lightweight.  On the basis of the ordinary rectangular (square) carriages box, the railing carriages box and dump trucks carriages box are combined together. It is possible to load goods that can only be loaded by dump trucks and also the goods that can be loaded by rail carriages box.

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In terms of the transportation environment here, if the goods transported out transport cement, coal, etc., if it is an ordinary dump truck carriages box (the railing is fixed),

There are more requirements for transporting goods back and forth, and the dump trucks  carriages box with movable rails can expand the rails just like ordinary railing carriages box, and there are more choices for transporting goods back and forth.

Not only the side rails are movable, but the back door can also be flipped in two directions

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In conventional dump trucks carriages box, the structure of the rear door can generally only support backward turning. In the course of road transportation, in the actual use of vehicles, a rear door structure with a two-way flip is derived, which can be either a regular back flip or left and right switch according to the requirements, which is more practical.

 

It is this small component that realizes the two-way switch of the rear door in the lightweight carriages box

If you want to flip the door backward, just like the current state of this component, close the handle; if you want to open the door in parallel, push the handle upward.

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This kind of rear door opening and closing method is favored by many drivers. The rear flip-door is usually used when unloading, which saves time and effort; and when the unloading needs to be carried in parallel, the door can be opened in parallel.

The following door frame type does not have the advantage in weight (an additional door frame structure), and the number of users is relatively small (the whole door frame is driven when the back door is turned, and the weight is heavier.)

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The types of carriages box of dump trucks are also relatively diverse, which can be classified according to the type of bucket, dumping method, lifting mechanism, etc.

Heavy-duty dump trucks for engineering and lightweight dump trucks for road construction are also divided into several categories in the manufacture of carriages box, which are adapted to the corresponding working environment.

Everyone should carefully study their transportation environment to see which car is more suitable for the goods they carry and the environment of transportation, so as to choose the box of the carriage that is most suitable for them.

Top 10 China Dump Truck Brands

1. FAW TRUCK
2. Sinotruk
3. Foton  Auman
4. Shaanxi Auto Heavy Truck
5. Dongfeng truck
6. Liuqi Chenglong
7. JAC truck
8. Dayun trucks
9. SAIC-Iveco Hongyan
10. United Truck-CIMC Group

In addition, there are many very famous international dump truck brands welcomed by the drivers and customers, such as:

• craigslist dump trucks
• isuzu dump truck for sale
• used mack dump trucks for sale
• ford dump truck for sale
• used landscape trucks for sale
• gmc 3500 dump truck for sale
• ram 5500 dump truck for sale
• used chevy 3500hd dump truck for sale
• peterbilt dump truck for sale
• nissan dump trucks for sale